Valery Gergiev

Valery Abisalovich Gergiev PAR (Ossetic: Гергиты Абисалы фырт Валери/Gergity Abisaly Fyrt Valeri; Russian: Валерий Абисалович Гергиев; born 2 May 1953) is a Russian conductor and opera company director. He is general director and artistic director of the Mariinsky Theatre, principal conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra, and artistic director of the White Nights Festival in St. Petersburg.

Early life

Gergiev, born in Moscow, is the son of Tamara Tatarkanovna and Abisal Zaurbekovich.^[1] He and his siblings were raised in Vladikavkaz in their native North Ossetia in the Caucasus. He began piano at secondary school, before going on to study at the St. Petersburg Conservatory in Leningrad from 1972 to 1977. His principal conducting teacher was Prof. Ilya Musin (Илья Мусин), one of the greatest conductor-makers in Russian musical history. His sister, Larissa Gergieva, is a pianist and director of the Mariinsky's singers' academy.^[2]

Career

In 1978, he became assistant conductor at the Kirov Opera, now the Mariinsky Opera, under Yuri Temirkanov, where he made his debut conducting Sergei Prokofiev's War and Peace. He was chief conductor of the Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra from 1981 until 1985 - the year he made his debut in the United Kingdom, along with pianist Evgeny Kissin, and violinists Maxim Vengerov and Vadim Repin, at The Lichfield Festival.

In 1991, for the first time, Gergiev conducted a western European opera company with the Bavarian State Opera in a performance of Modest Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov in Munich. In the same year he made his American début, performing War and Peace with the San Francisco Opera. Since then he has conducted both operatic and orchestral repertoire across the world. Gergiev is also associated with numerous music festivals, including the White Nights festival in Saint Petersburg.

He became the chief conductor and artistic director of the Mariinsky in 1988, and overall director of the company, appointed by the Russian government, in 1996. In addition to his artistic work with the Mariinsky, Gergiev has worked in fund-raising for such projects as the recently built 1100-seat Mariinsky Hall, and intends to achieve complete renovations of the Mariinsky Theatre by 2010.^[3]

From 1995 to 2008, Gergiev was principal conductor of the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra. In 1997, Gergiev became principal guest conductor of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. His contract there ran until the 2007–2008 season, and his premieres included a new version of Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov, revised and reorchestrated by Igor Buketoff.

In 2002, Gergiev was featured in one scene in the film Russian Ark, directed by Alexander Sokurov and filmed at the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia.

In 2003, he initiated and conducted at the Mariinsky Theatre the first complete cycle of Wagner's The Ring of the Nibelung to be performed in Russia for over 90 years. The production's design and concept reflects many aspects of Ossetian culture. Gergiev conducted this production in Cardiff in 2006 at the Wales Millennium Centre, and in Costa Mesa, California in October 2006 at the Orange County Performing Arts Center. This production was presented at the Lincoln Center in New York City in July 2007 to a great acclaim, and the run was completely sold out.

In 1988, Gergiev made his first guest conducting appearance with the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO). In his next appearance with the LSO in 2004, he conducted the symphonies of Sergei Prokofiev.^[4] This engagement led to his appointment in 2005 as the Orchestra's fifteenth principal conductor, succeeding Sir Colin Davis effective January 1, 2007.^[5] Gergiev's initial contract with the LSO was for 3 years.^[6] His first official concert as the LSO Principal Conductor was on 23 January 2007, as he was supposed to have conducted his first concert as LSO Principal Conductor on 13 January, but had to withdraw because of illness.^[7]

In October 2007 Gergiev took part in a unique holiday project featured in the 100th anniversary issue of the Neiman Marcus Christmas Book. A concert by Gergiev and the Kirov Orchestra featuring piano virtuoso Lola Astanova became a part of a $1.59 million fantasy gift. The super concert is said to be hosted by the Emmy-winning American television personality Regis Philbin.^[8]

In June 2011, Gergiev took up a highly prominent reformist role as chairman of the International Tchaikovsky Competition. He replaced academic judges with famous performers and introduced an openness to the process, arranging for all performance to be streamed live and free on the internet and for the judges to speak their minds in public as and where they wished. The contest was considered a massive personal triumph ^[9]

Gergiev has a reputation for an abrasive, yet passionate, conducting style.^[10] He is a driven conductor who produces his best in pieces of great drama. Curiously, he often conducts using a toothpick as a baton, as can be seen in his performances of Rimsky-Korsakov's Capriccio Espagnol and Verdi's overture to La Forza del Destino on YouTube. He has stated that his favourite composer is Sergei Prokofiev in his DVD recording of Prokofiev's Scythian Suite. He was awarded the 2006 Polar Music Prize together with Led Zeppelin.

Social and political involvement

In April 2007, Gergiev was one of eight conductors of British orchestras to endorse the 10-year classical music outreach manifesto, "Building on Excellence: Orchestras for the 21st century", to increase the presence of classical music in the UK, including giving free entry to all British schoolchildren to a classical music concert.^[11]

Gergiev has also been a consistent supporter of peace in the Caucasus, particularly in the conflict between the Georgian central government and South Ossetia. After the 2004 Beslan school massacre, Gergiev made an appeal on television for calm and against any revenge. He conducted concerts in tribute to the victims of the massacre.^[12]

During the 2008 South Ossetia war, Gergiev accused the Georgian government of massacring ethnic Ossetians, triggering the conflict with Russia.^[13] He came to Tskhinvali and conducted a concert near the ruined building of the South Ossetian Parliament as tribute to the victims of the war.^[14]

Personal life

In 1999, Gergiev married the musician Natalya Debisova, who is 27 years his junior and also a native Ossetian, and they have three children: two boys and a girl. From time to time it has been reported that Gergiev is a friend of Vladimir Putin and they are godfathers to one another's children.^[15] However in a letter written to one of these sources, Gergiev stated that he and Putin were not the godfathers of each others' children.^[16] 

Recordings

Gergiev has focused on recording Russian composers' works, both opera and symphonic, including Mikhail Glinka, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Alexander Borodin, Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Sergei Prokofiev, Dmitri Shostakovich, Igor Stravinsky, Rodion Shchedrin. Most of his recordings, on the Philips label, are with the Kirov Orchestra, while he has also recorded with the Vienna Philharmonic. A recent undertaking, the complete Prokofiev Symphonies, is with the London Symphony Orchestra.^[17] Gergiev is also in the process of recording the complete symphonies of Gustav Mahler with the London Symphony Orchestra; all are being recorded live in concert and are available through the London Symphony Orchestra Live label. In 2009 Gergiev and Mariinsky launched a Mariinsky Live record label (being distributed by London Symphony Orchestra Live) with the first two recordings featuring the music of Dmitri Shostakovich.

Gergiev's recording of Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet with London Symphony Orchestra on LSO live in 2010 was the winner of the Orchestral category and the Disc of the Year of the 2011 BBC Music Magazine Awards.^[18]

Discography

Ballets

Operas

Orchestral Works

Orchestral works with soloists

Vocal Works

Videos

DVD

• Valery Gergiev in Rehearsal and Performance
• 60 Minutes: The Wild Man of Music, 2004.
• Valery Gergiev Conducts the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in Prokofiev, Schnittke & Stravinsky, 2003.
• Verdi: La forza del destino, Marinsky Theatre Orchestra, 1998.
• Rimsky-Korsakov: Sadko, Kirov Opera, 2006.
• Puccini: Turandot, Vienna Philharmonic, 2006.
• Prokofiev: Betrothal in a Monastery, Kirov Opera, 2005.
• Shostakovich against Stalin, 2005.
• "All the Russias - a musical journey": a five-part documentary through the tradition and heritage of Russian music.
• "Gergiev Conducts Brahms: Ein Deutsches Requiem" Kringelborn, Kwiecien, Swedish Radio Choir, Rotterdam Philharmonic, 2008
• Tschaikovsky: Eugene Onegin; Dmitri Hvorostovsky, Renee Fleming, Ramon Vargas, Metropolitan Opera, 2007

VHS

• Mussorgsky: Boris Godunov, Kirov Opera, 1993.
• Tchaikovsky: Pique Dame, Kirov Opera, 1994.
• Tchaikovsky: Pique Dame, Acts 1 and 2, Kirov Opera, 1992.
• Mussorgsky: Kovanshchina, Kirov Orchestra, 1994.
• Prokofiev: Fiery Angel, Polygram Video, 1996.

Honours and awards

This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the Russian Wikipedia.

Russian

• Order of Merit for the Fatherland;
  • 3rd class (24 April 2003) - for outstanding contribution to music culture
  • 4th class (2 May 2008) - for outstanding contribution to the development of domestic and world music and theatre, many years of creative activity
• Order of Friendship (12 April 2000) - for services to the state, many years of fruitful work in the field of culture and art, a great contribution to strengthening friendship and cooperation between nations
• Medal "In memory of the 300th anniversary of St. Petersburg" (2003)
• Gratitude of the President of the Russian Federation (15 January 2009) - for the concert orchestra of the Mariinsky Theatre under Valery Gergiev rukovodskvom in support of victims during the Georgian-Ossetian conflict
• Medal "For Valiant Labour" (Tatarstan) - for a fruitful cooperation with the Republic of Tatarstan, an active part in national projects in the fields of culture, outstanding contribution to the development of domestic and world music

Foreign awards

• Order of St. Mashtots (Armenia, 2000)
• Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (2001)
• Order "Danaker" (2001, Kyrgyzstan)
• Medal "Dank" (Kyrgyzstan, 1998)
• Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion (2005)
• Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 5th class (Ukraine, May 10, 2006) - a significant personal contribution to the development of cultural ties between Ukraine and Russia, high professionalism and many years of fruitful creative activity
• Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (2001)
• Commander of the Order of the Lion of Finland (2006)
• Officer of the Legion of Honour (France, 2007)
• Order of Arts and Letters (France)
• Order of the Rising Sun with Golden Rays and Ribbon (Japan, 2006)
• Order "Uatsamonga" (South Ossetia, January 29, 2009) - for courage and great patriotism, invaluable assistance and support to the people of South Ossetia during the Georgian aggression disaster in August 2008
• Honoured Worker of Kazakhstan (2011)
• Silver medal in Valencia (Spain, 2006)
• Medal Pro Mikkeli (Mikkeli, Finland, 2005)
• Medal Johan van Oldenbarnefelta (2008, Rotterdam, The Netherlands)
• Gold Medal for Merit to Culture (Gloria Artis) (Poland, 2011)

Religious awards

• Order of Saint Prince Daniil of Moscow, 3rd class (Russian Orthodox Church, 2003)
• Order of St. Vladimir (Ukrainian Orthodox Church, 2001)
• Medal of St. Sergius of Radonezh, 1st class (Russian Orthodox Church, 2010).

Community Awards

• Commemorative Gold Medal "olive branch with Diamonds" (the Russian-Armenian (Slavic) State University)

Titles

• People's Artist of Russia (June 20, 1996) - for the great achievements in art
• People's Artist of Ukraine (2004)
• People's Artist of North Ossetia - Alania
• Honorary citizen of St. Petersburg (2007), Vladikavkaz (2003), Lyon and Toulouse
• "Conductor of the Year" (1994) awarded by a jury of the international organization International Classical Music Awards
• UNESCO Artist for Peace (2003)
• Honorary Doctor of St. Petersburg State University
• Honorary Professor of Moscow State University (2001)

Award

• State Prize of the Russian Federation in the field of art and literature in 1993 (7 December 1993) and 1998 (June 4, 1999)
• Prize awarded by the President of the Russian Federation in the field of literature and art in 2001 (January 30, 2002)
• Winner of the country's theatrical prize "Golden Mask" (five times from 1996 to 2000)
• Winner of the Theatre Award of Saint Petersburg "Gold soffit" (four times; 1997, 1998, 2000 and 2003)
• Russian opera prize «Casta diva» for the best performance - "Parsifal" (1998)
• Winner of Tsarskoye Selo Art Prize (1999)
• Shostakovich Prize (Yuri Bashmet Foundation, 1997)
• Royal Swedish Academy of Music Polar Music Prize (2005)
• Herbert von Karajan Prize winner (Baden-Baden, 2006)
• Laureate of the Foundation of American-Russian Cultural Cooperation (2006)

See also

• Ballerina (documentary)

References

External links

• Valery Gergiev Official website (Russian)
• Valery Gergiev at Allmusic
• Rotterdam Philharmonic Gergiev Festival [1]
• Interview with Valery Gergiev by Bruce Duffie, October 16, 1992
• Biography of and CDs by Valery Gergiev by cosmopolis.ch

• Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise, 5th class (Ukraine, May 10, 2006) - a significant personal contribution to the development of cultural ties between Ukraine and Russia, high professionalism and many years of fruitful creative activity